Which artist developed kinetic sculpture and is known for the categories stabile and mobile?

• A. Henry Moore
• B. Alexander Calder
• C. Jean Arp
• D. Auguste Rodin

Answer: (B)

Kinetic sculpture and the terms mobile and stabile describe an artist who built lightweight metal shapes balanced to respond to air or movement, creating works that can move or stay still as part of the same practice. Alexander Calder revolutionized sculpture by making pieces that move—mobiles—while also creating stationary, grounded works called stabiles. This distinction between moving and non-moving forms is unique to his approach and defines his contribution to modern sculpture. The other artists are celebrated for static, often figurative or abstract forms, but they did not develop the kinetic mobile/stabile framework Calder popularized.